Showing posts with label Politics. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Politics. Show all posts

Tuesday, 12 November 2013

FG Takes On India Over Killing Of Nigerian


Federal Government has demanded an unreserved apology from the Indian authorities over the death of a Nigerian, Obodo Uzoma Simeon, and discriminatory attacks on Nigerians in the Asian nation.

The Minister of Foreign Affairs, Prof. Viola Onwuliri, disclosed this while answering questions from journalists at the pre-Commonwealth Head of Government Meeting press briefing in Abuja, Monday.

Tensions between Nigerians and Indians had escalated since Simeon was found dead in Goa, a popular tourist destination, in the country's west region.

Simeon, according to reports, was stabbed to death on October 31 in Panaji, Goa State's capital.

About 200 angry members of the Nigerian community were said to have blocked a highway while Simeon's corpse was being taken to the hospital for a post-mortem examination.

Police reportedly brought the situation under control and registered cases of rioting, arson and damaging public property against 51 Nigerians and one Ghanaian.

Onwuliri, who emphasised that Nigeria would not tolerate any act of unruly behaviour from its citizens, however, said the conduct of Indian authorities was unacceptable.

She told journalists that the Acting Head of Mission of India in Nigeria had been summoned to her office to explain the rationale for the action.

She said, "Actually the growing violence around the countries should be a thing of worry for member states and for us in Nigeria too. We have continued to condemn violence especially against Nigerians in different states. The recent one in India is really a big one to worry about and I had summoned the acting head of Indian Mission to ask him about what happened to our citizens.

"The young man was coming back from lunch, they said there was a clash between two communities, he was not part of them but he was killed! We have also asked for unreserved apology from India, we have asked them to ensure that full-fledged investigations are carried out so that perpetrators of that act will be brought to book," she added.

The minister said the Nigerian government would not hesitate to react appropriately if Nigerians were evicted from their homes in India.

"We have also heard that some of our citizens protested and were arrested and some were evicted from their homes. And we have also said while we are not supporting lawlessness, if Nigerians reacted because of extreme provocation, it should be so seen. And these Nigerians should be released and people should not be evicted from their homes, otherwise, that will also lead to a strain in the relations between the two countries and we will be forced to also react appropriately," she maintained.

Onwuliri said Nigeria was determined to press on with the call for the abolition of visa regime among Commonwealth countries at this year's  meeting starting  on Wednesday (tomorrow) in Colombo, Srilanka.

The country's interim position is for the introduction of a pilot scheme which will facilitate visa free regime for holders of diplomatic and official passports from member countries.

Monday, 28 October 2013

US Senator Apologizes For Controversial Comments On Nigerians

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A United States Senator, Ted Cruz, has apologized over his disparaging comments on Monday, October 21 in which he referred to Nigerians as scammers.

 

He also called for a peace meeting with Nigerian-Americans who have demanded that he retracts the derogatory remarks.

 

According to local American media, Cruz, while taking a political swipe at the computer problems of the Affordable Care Act in the U.S, made the comments.

 

"You may have noticed that all the Nigerian email scammers have become a lot less active lately.

 

"They all have been hired to run the Obamacare website," Cruz was quoted as saying on Monday in Houston.

 

Nigerians home and abroad have strongly condemned the statement, while the Federal Government through the Nigerian Ambassador to the U.S., Prof Ade Adefuye, demanded an apology from Mr. Cruz.

 

 

But a letter on Sunday from the senator to leaders of the Nigerian community in Houston, Texas, where the comments were made, said Cruz "regrets any misunderstanding."

 

The letter was signed by one of the aides of the Senator, Mr. David Sawyer, the South-East Texas Regional Director in his office.

 

The letter of apology reads in parts: "Earlier this week, Sen. Ted Cruz made a joke in which he used the term 'Nigerian email scam."

 

 

"Senator Cruz regrets that it is unfortunate that we're living in a time where just about every joke can be misconstrued to cause offence to someone."

 

"Cruz has never, nor would ever use a blanket term in a derogatory fashion against such a vibrant and integral part of our community. This usage was never directed to the Nigerian community as a whole.

 
"To the good people of Nigeria – a beautiful nation where my wife lived briefly as the child of missionaries – no offense was intended.

 
"I am fully appreciative of the range of mutual economic and security interests that make Nigeria an important friend to the United States," Cruz said apologetically.

 

Wednesday, 23 October 2013

Uruguay Is Planning To Legalise And Sell Marijuana From Next Year


Uruguay is planning to start selling marijuana legally next year, a top official said, though the Senate must approve the proposed legislation.

The country is hoping to act as a potential test case for an idea slowly gaining steam across Latin America — that the legalization and regulation of some drugs could sap the cartel violence devastating much of the region.

"The illegal market is very risky and offers poor quality," National Drug Board chief Jose Calzada was quoted as saying in Sunday's El Pais newspaper.

The state "will provide a safe place to buy, a good quality product and, moreover, will sell at a standard price.

"Thegovernment proposes to sell marijuana for $1 a gram, slightly below the current market rate that runs about 30 pesos ($1.40) a gram.

By putting the government in charge of the marijuana industry, which is estimated to be worth $30 million to $40 million a year, the plan aims to curtail illegal trafficking and the violence that comes with it.

The proposed law would allow people to cultivate up to six cannabis plants for their own use, belong to a membership club that could grow up to 99 plants, or buy the drug at pharmacies, with a limit of 40 grams a month per person.

In August, the bill, which is backed by President Jose Mujica's leftist government, was passed by the lower house of Uruguay's legislature.

It now awaits action by the Senate. There are still legislative hurdles to overcome, including allocating money to pay a new director for the Institute for the Regulation and Control of Cannabis, which wasn't included in this year's budget. Opposition parties have also fought against the idea and a poll released over the summer found 63 percent of Uruguayans were against it.

Many opponents fear the legalization of cannabis would turn Uruguay into a pot tourism hub and encourage the use of stronger drugs. But it was argued that the current policies have failed and estimates Uruguay, a small country with just 3.3 million people, spends upwards of $80 million a year on combating drugs but seizes just $4 million to $5 million worth of contraband.

The legality of cannabis for general or recreational use varies from country to country. Possession of cannabis is illegal in most countries, and has been since the beginning of widespread cannabis prohibition in the late 1930s. However, many countries have decriminalized the possession of small quantities of cannabis, particularly in North America, South America, and Europe.

Furthermore, possession is legal or effectively legal in the Netherlands, North Korea, and the U.S. states of Washington and Colorado. On 28 May 2013, Colorado became the world's first fully regulated recreational cannabis market for adults. A larger number of countries have decriminalized or legalized cannabis for medical purposes.

Wednesday, 9 October 2013

Dangote To Chair World Economic Forum Meeting




President of Dangote Group, Aliko Dangote has been appointed to co-chair 2014 World Economic Forum annual meeting in Davos-Kloster, Switzerland.

The Executive Chairman of the World Economic Forum, Prof. Klaus Schwab in his invitation letter to the business mogul, said Aliko Dangote's participation as co-chair will contribute significantly to the substance and relevance of exchanges between global leaders from government, business, academia, civil society, and the media at the forum.

The theme for the 2014 annual forum scheduled to hold from January 22, 2014 to January 25, 2014 is "The Reshaping of the World: Consequences for Society, Politics, and Business" and it aims to "develop insights, initiatives and actions necessary to respond to current and emerging global challenges."

In a same vein, Aliko Dangote was recently appointed to the steering committee of the United Nation Global Education First Initiative, a five-year global advocacy initiative, sponsored by Secretary-General of the United Nations, Ban Ki-moon, to make a sustainable impact on lives of #children and youth through education and push to achieve internationally-agreed education goals set for 2015.
In the Secretary-General's own words, "when we put Education First, we can reduce poverty and hunger, end wasted potential – and look forward to stronger and better societies for all."

The three priorities of Education First are: putting every child into school; improving the quality of learning and fostering global citizenship.

Tuesday, 8 October 2013

Dana Air License suspended again




There seems to be continuous case of unresolved issues with Dana Air as the Federal Government has suspended its operations three days after the Associated Airlines crash.(Their license has been suspended too)

The Nigerian Civil Aviation Authority, NCAA, said on Sunday night that Dana has been suspended for precautionary measures after the airline had an air return. Spokesperson Fan Ndubuoke said

“They had an air return from Port Harcourt and they have been suspended for precautionary measures. The airline is under investigation,”

If you recall three months after the Iju-Ishaga Dana crash which killed 163 people, their license was suspended on the 17th of  March 2013 to “resolve certain safety issues,” The ban was lifted days later..

This is the third time Dana air license would be revoked.

Friday, 9 August 2013

FROM THE ARCHIVE(S): HER MAJESTY QUEEN ELIZABETH 11 AND HER HUSBAND PRINCE PHILIP, AT THE STATE BANQUET AT BUCKINGHAM PALACE IN HONOUR OF GENERAL YAKUBU GOWON, NIGERIA HEAD OF STATE



Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth 11 and her husband Prince Philip, Duke of Edinburgh at the State banquet at Buckingham Palace in honour of General Yakubu Gowon, head of the Federal Military Government and Commander-in Chief of the Armed Forces of the Federal Republic of Nigeria and Mrs. Gowon (June 1973).

Source: British Information Services

WHY YOU SHOULD NEVER FORGIVE A CHEATING HUSBAND: HELEN DID. HERE SHE EXPLAINS WHY IT WAS THE BIGGEST MISTAKE OF HER LIFE

The realisation almost took my breath away. Turning to kiss my husband Brian goodbye, I was floored by the sudden dawning that, after 28 years of electric emotional highs and soul-destroying lows, I felt nothing for him. 
As I pulled the door closed behind me and got into my car to spend a weekend visiting my aunt, I had no idea that I was leaving my marriage, or that I would never again return to our family home in Alton, Hampshire. 
But I did know that something had changed irrevocably — that things would never be the same again.
Three years have passed and I haven’t so much as spoken to Brian. All my belongings — my clothes, my jewellery, family photos and treasured mementos — are still with him. 
Yet I have no desire to collect them. I’ve shed that life like a snake sheds its skin.
If you think me unbearably heartless, you wouldn’t be alone. Some people have judged me for giving up on my marriage, for walking out on my husband that summer day in 2010. 
All I know is that it’s the best thing I have ever done, and that my life has been transformed as a result.


So what was the death knell for a relationship of almost three decades? 
We’d certainly had our troubles; most prominently, Brian’s affair that began six years ago in 2007.
But you might be surprised to know that today I don’t blame his betrayal for breaking us. No, at fault was my foolish decision to forgive him, with little heed to the emotional cost that I would face.
Brian actually left me to live with his mistress for months, and I had to fight to get him to return. When at last I succeeded, I couldn’t have been more relieved and delighted. How naive I was. 
Painful: Helen forgave her husband for his affair, which she noticed when one Christmas he did not get in touch for two days
Painful: Helen forgave her husband for his affair, which she noticed when one Christmas he did not get in touch for two days

So sure was I that our marriage had not only been saved but strengthened that I did an interview for this paper, insistent that my husband’s affair had been the wake-up call we needed to breathe new life into our relationship.
I partly blamed myself. I’d grown complacent, I told myself, and my husband had been squeezed out. I’d been more focused on my busy job as a probation officer and my role as a mother. I have two grown-up children, Sammy, 37, and Fredd, 31.
I admit I had neglected Brian. We spent too little time together as a couple and, perhaps inevitably, our sex life had suffered.
But for 24 years of our marriage the chemistry between us had been heart-flippingly electric — right up until the moment I discovered he was cheating on me. 
We met in 1982, when I was 23 and working in a bar. My first husband had left me when the children were young, and I’d taken the job so I could work when they were in bed in the care of a babysitter.
Brian came in for a drink one night and we started chatting. He was 22, funny, with a lovely sense of mischief, and we quickly became firm friends. 
Eventually, our friendship sparked into romance, and within a few months we were inseparable. We moved in together in Headley, Hampshire, and got married three years later. 
We were happy. Our love was based on a rock-solid friendship, our physical relationship was passionate and we both had good jobs. Brian was a building contractor and I became a social worker.
Brian was always spontaneous and often romantic — there was never a dull moment. He’d come home from work and say ‘Let’s pack a bag and go away’, or ‘Let’s buy a campervan and go travelling’.
Painful memories: Looking back, Helen says that she allowed herself to be 'a doormat'
Painful memories: Looking back, Helen says that she allowed herself to be 'a doormat'
To begin with it was exciting, but in time it became exhausting. I wanted to concentrate on our domestic routine and my burgeoning career. 
But, despite my doubts, my adoration for Brian was so overwhelmingly that I followed his lead. Looking back, I can see I allowed myself to become a bit of a door-mat.
Ruptures emerged in the previously smooth surface of our marriage. We got to the stage where Brian would go out for a drink one evening and return the next morning without any explanation as to where he’d been.
In the winter of 2007, my daughter, Sammy, then 32, was confined to bed with rheumatoid arthritis and I spent a great deal of my time nursing her. I should have noticed our marriage was in dangerous waters, but somehow Brian always managed to charm his way back into my good books.
On December 24, as I was leaving home to go to Sammy’s house, Brian gave me some flowers for her. We were spending Christmas Day there, and I was rather distracted by the impending festivities. 
At lunchtime, Brian rang to see how Sammy was. I reminded him that we were going to Midnight Mass, but he said he couldn’t make it because he had other things to do.
I was desperately disappointed, but I tried to brush it off. He was just in one of his moods, I thought to myself. Surely he’d be there for Christmas. 
In the event, we didn’t see him for two days. His mobile was switched off and I was frantic with worry, afraid he’d had an accident. 
He eventually surfaced on Boxing Day, calling me late that evening. Rather than being apologetic, he was unforthcoming about where he’d been and refused to answer my questions. 
I was angry, but I was so besotted with him that I didn’t make a scene. Instead, I swallowed my rage. 
Of course, by now I was wondering if he was having an affair, but still I didn’t confront him. Even if he had been cheating, he’d have just denied it and got cross. What was the point, I thought. 
But his absence stretched into weeks, then months, and I was at the end of my tether. I texted him to ask if he wanted a divorce. He texted back just one word: ‘No.’
I was humiliated and told only a few close friends what had happened. When the children asked, I said we weren’t getting on — and just hoped they wouldn’t probe too hard.
There was still only the occasional word from Brian, but I was desperate to sustain my hope, however small, that we could somehow work it out. I missed him terribly and felt so confused. He wouldn’t admit to having another woman, and I had absolutely no proof that he was having an affair.
His sporadic messages slowly became more common, and after 18 months he was sending me regular texts — asking if we could talk and even saying that he missed me.
After so long being on tenterhooks, it was an enormous relief. We were so close, I felt, to getting our marriage back. When he asked if I wanted to meet up, I didn’t hesitate.
We met in a Hampshire pub. I felt  nauseous with nerves but the old chemistry was still there. He’d hurt me badly but, God, I wanted him back.
Over the next few weeks, we met for lunch a few times. Eventually, he admitted he’d been living with another woman. 
Even then, my feelings of disgust at his behaviour were outweighed by my love for him. 
Conflicted: Despite the fact that Brian had hurt Helen badly she still wanted him back
Conflicted: Despite the fact that Brian had hurt Helen badly she still wanted him back

She was a divorcee ten years his senior, someone he had known many years before. They ran into each other by chance, apparently, and by the Christmas, when he disappeared, they’d been seeing each other for several months. 
Brian loved the attention she gave him — attention I had been too busy to offer him, he reminded me. 
He said that he was desperate to break it off, but felt obliged to stay with her and look after her because she’d fallen and hurt herself. 
You might be amazed, but I was still hopelessly in love with him. I didn’t want to scare him off by forcing him to choose between the two of us. I decided I’d let him work things out for himself.
So I found myself in the bizarre situation of seeing my own husband discreetly while he was still living with his mistress. Three months later, I gently asked Brian if he wanted to come home — and was overjoyed when he said he did. 
Friends and family were stunned that I was willing to try to save my marriage. My son couldn’t forgive him, though my daughter tried to.
I realised we had to make big changes if our marriage was to stand any chance, so I made more time for us as a couple. In response, Brian seemed more appreciative of me — at least to begin with.
He made me lovely meals and was attentive and loving. Maybe it was a guilty conscience, but he seemed much more respectful of me.
While I was truly prepared to try to forgive his betrayal, the reality was that I couldn’t forget what he’d done. It plagued me. The thought of his affair just wouldn’t go away. 
I had spent so long insisting to myself that I wanted to forgive him, so long trying to win him back, that I hadn’t allowed myself to properly accept his betrayal — or think about what life would be like when we were back together. 
Growing apart: Often after an affair, as Helen experienced, it is hard to truly accept what has happened and move on
Growing apart: Often after an affair, as Helen experienced, it is hard to truly accept what has happened and move on

It was only after I had ‘won’ Brian back, after months of tip-toeing around, that I finally realised I’d never be able to get past his infidelity. Looking back, I’d been deceiving myself on a grand scale that things could be normal again. 
It soon became clear that his betrayal had changed me irrevocably. Where once I’d enjoyed the rollercoaster nature of life with Brian, I’d come to crave a quiet life. 
The chemistry between us was as electric as ever, but I just didn’t have the energy to deal with the intense emotions he provoked in me.
Then came that weekend in 2010 when I was to visit my aunt in Devon. By that time, Brian had been back for just under a year. As I got ready, we’d had a squabble, then he snapped at me for picking up his car keys instead of my own.
Suddenly I looked at him and realised in a blinding flash that I no longer had feelings for him. I didn’t love him, I didn’t dislike him, I didn’t hate him: I just felt nothing.
I think, subconsciously, my feelings for him had long changed — and suddenly, in that one moment, it all came to the surface. For the first time in nearly 30 years, there was nothing there. It was as if a switch had been flipped.
When I left our house, all I had with me was an overnight bag with three pairs of knickers, a bra, two changes of clothes, some make-up and toiletries, and my pyjamas.
I brooded for that weekend at my aunt’s house, then drove to a friend’s house — where I stayed for the next six months.
I didn’t phone or text Brian to tell him I was leaving him: I just assumed he’d work it out for himself. I didn’t think he deserved to be told. It wasn’t revenge. I just didn’t want ever to see him again.
As it was, he didn’t try to contact me. I think he was arrogant enough to believe that I’d come back. Maybe he thought it was a tantrum and I’d come home eventually.
A year and a half later, he got in touch by text message, asking if I was all right and saying that he missed me. I didn’t respond. 
Anxiety: Helen finally realised that she could never get past the affair
Anxiety: Helen finally realised that she could never get past the affair

You might think it’s extraordinary that a marriage born in such great passion ended in such a cold, bloodless manner. But after such a long battle of attrition, I simply didn’t have the stomach for anything else. The effort it took to forgive him left me emotionally spent. 
According to mutual friends, Brian is still interested in a reconciliation, but I have started my life afresh.
I stayed with friends for about eight months, and by then I was sure in my heart that my marriage was over. About two and a half years ago, I moved into a rented flat about 40 miles from where I lived with Brian, and furnished it with second-hand stuff.
Some of my most treasured possessions — including my first edition volumes of Ted Hughes’s poetry and the engraved clock Sammy gave me when she got married — are still with Brian, but I have no interest in reclaiming them.
We haven’t got divorced. I’ve had a few dates in the past three years, but nothing serious. After the tumult of my marriage, I’m just glad to be in control of my own life. 
I don’t regret expending so much emotion forgiving Brian, and winning him back. If our relationship hadn’t come to that horrible crescendo, there’s every chance I could still be hankering after him. 
The battle to win Brian back ended our marriage — but in the end it was the best thing that could have happened

Monday, 20 May 2013

I ROB BANKS; IT’S MY HOBBY, 78YR OLD MAN CONFESSES

78yr Old Dale E Jenkins
78yr Old Dale E Jenkins
AN elderly man accused of robbing a San Diego bank wasn’t interested in remaining silent about his alleged crimes.

During his arrest, he blurted out to a TV reporter: “I rob banks. It’s my hobby,” and told the judge during his first court appearance: “I’m guilty as charged.”
Dale E Jenkins, 78, was arrested Monday for robbing a Comerica Bank branch by threatening to throw acid in the teller’s face, an online news media, SanDiego6.com reported.
During the robbery, he was dressed in a three-piece suit and fedora. After receiving his money, he allegedly left the bank carrying his ill-gotten loot in a rolling suitcase and was picked up two blocks away, another online news media, NBCSanDiego.com, reported.
Jenkins reportedly netted only $80 from the bank, but it was what he said to KGTV-TV reporter, Allison Ash, during his arrest that was truly priceless.
“I rob banks. It’s my hobby,” he said, adding that this robbery was his seventh. “Somebody needs to take care of the veterans in this country.”
Jenkins’ confession spree didn’t end there.
During his first court appearance on Tuesday, he blurted out to the judge, “I’m guilty as charged and do not want to go through any long trial. I can’t live on the streets anymore,” KGTV-TV reported.
The judge cut him off, warning him that anything he said will be used during a trial, according to the station.
Despite Jenkins’ advanced age, officials said there’s no evidence he might be the Geezer Bandit — an elderly-looking man who robbed 16 banks between 2009 and 2011, according to the Associated Press.
Authorities suspect that robber was a younger man wearing a mask.

Monday, 29 April 2013

EIGHT THINGS YOU SHOULD KNOW ABOUT YOUR COMPANY’S YOUNG EMPLOYEES


image1 .

Close relationship with supervisors and constant feedback:

During their childhoods, millennials were encouraged to have close relationships with their parents and teachers. They expect the same kind of relationships in a work environment.“Millennials want close relationships with their supervisors, and expect frequent feedback. They dislike ambiguity and expect transparency and fairness in all their dealings with work organisations,” notes the report.

2. Work/life balance: Unlike their parents of the boomer generation, millennials are not workaholics. They want a clear work/life balance and expect their employers to help them achieve this.“They view work as just one aspect of life, and place more value on the sanctity of free time,” says the report.

3. Immediate gratification: The young people surveyed by Ericsson are not necessarily excited by the idea of slowly climbing up the corporate ladder. “They are less willing to pay dues, and unlikely to pursue the delayed gratification of a gradual promotion track.”

4. Tech-savvy: Millennials have a much closer relationship with technology than other generations. The report explains that “due to the rapid changes in technology over the last 25 years, millennials have become highly adaptable and naturally fast-paced. In their eyes, change is a constant…” These young employees often get frustrated with companies that use outdated technology.

5. Always connected: Young professionals are in constant contact with their friends and family through social media networks and instant messaging platforms. They continue with this communication during work hours, and view it as a right rather than a benefit.Unfortunately for employers, this is not a two-way street. Millennials are generally not willing to let work interrupt their private lives, especially during weekends.

6. Using personal networks to solve work-related issues: Millennials reach out to their friends and contacts to get help with work-related issues. Whereas previous generations would have limited such questions to their colleagues, millennials utilise their personal networks to address a variety of tasks.

7. Flexible work hours: Today’s young professionals desire flexible working hours (with no overtime) and the option to work from home on certain days.

8. Want to be treated as equals: “The sense of equality that millennials learned from their friendships with parents and teachers growing up translates directly to the workplace. [They] expect everyone to be equal, and for there to be transparency, fairness – and no hierarchy,” says the report.So in light of the above, what is the ideal company for today’s 20-somethings? “In the eyes of a millennial, an ideal company should allow them to sustain their personal lives at work. It should also offer them the opportunity to work in teams, preferably with others of their own age. There should be transparency, clear directions and constant feedback from managers and supervisors, with whom millennials expect to have a close relationship. In order to perform optimally, having the latest technology is a must, especially when it comes to communication.”

Wednesday, 24 April 2013

REFORMING OUR DYSFUNCTIONAL PUBLIC SERVICE -NASIR EL-RUFAI




Public Service in Context It is both a truism that no nation develops beyond the capacity of its public service, and there is broad consensus amongst Nigerians that our public service is broken and dysfunctional.

The quality of public servants and the services they provide to our nation are both below expectations. From the glorious days at independence when the best and brightest graduates competed to join the administrative service up until 1970s, our public service is now seen as employer of the dull, the lazy and the venal. We need to retrieve our old public service – effective, well paid and largely meritocratic, attracting bright people imbibed with a spirit of promoting public good.

The Nigerian civil service evolved from the colonial service with its historical British roots of an independent, non-political and meritocratic administrative machinery for governing the country. Each region then had its civil service in addition to the federal service.

What is the public service? How did our public evolve from inception to excellence and now its current abysmal state of ineffectiveness? How can the public service be reformed, re-skilled and right-sized to provide the basic social services that will earn the trust of Nigerians and foreigners alike?

The Public Service – An Overview

The public service consists of the civil service – career staff whose appointment, promotion and discipline are under the exclusive control of the Federal Civil Service Commission (FCSC), national assembly service, the Judiciary, public officers in the military, police and paramilitary services, employees of parastatals, educational and health institutions. By September 2005, when the Public Service Reform Team (PSRT) was constituted, the number of federal public servants was slightly above one million.

The estimated number working for the 36 states and the FCT was another 2 million, broken down as follows:•

Federal Core Civil Servants, including some 2,000 directors 180,000•

Uniformed Services – Military, Police and Paramilitary Services 457,000•

Parastatals, Agencies, Educational and Health Institutions 470,000•

Total Federal Public Service 1,107,000• Public Officers at the State Level – 36 States (Estimate) 856,000•

Public Officers in the Federal Capital Territory Administration 19,000•

Public Officers at the 774 Local Governments and 6 FCT Area Councils 620,000•

Total Sub-National Public Service 1,495,000•

TOTAL: Public Sector Employees in Nigeria 2,602,000Adjusting for the increasing numbers of aides of the president, ministers, governors and legislators, it is not unreasonable to put the total number of those working directly for governments at about three million. So while our national population has increased by about 160% between 1960 and 1999, the size of our public service increased by 350% in the same period. Our public service is clearly over-bloated.Other initial diagnostics and findings of the PSRT were sobering to say the least.

The civil service was rapidly ageing, mostly untrained and largely under-educated. Their average age then was 42 years, and over 60% were over 40 years. Less than 12% of the public servants held university degrees or equivalent. Over 70% of the service were of the junior grades 01-06, of sub-clerical and equivalent skills. About 20% of the public service employees were ‘ghost workers’ – non-existent people on the payroll which goes to staff of personnel and accounts departments.

In the FCT, out of an initial headcount of 26,000, we found 3,000 ghosts in the first round of audit. By the time we introduced biometric ID and centralized, computerized payroll, we found nearly 2,500 who failed to show up for documentation!While the public service pay is low relative to the cost of living, the overall burden of payroll as a percentage of the budget is huge. In most states other than Lagos, Kano, Kaduna and Rivers States, an average of 50% of the budget goes towards the payment of salaries – to about 1% of their population – an unfair and unsustainable state of affairs! Out of the N2,425 billion included in the 2011 Budget for recurrent expenditure, between 73% and 84% for each MDA constitutes personnel cost. We found in 2005 that the breakdown of federal public service emoluments by class of service as follows:•

Core Civil Service – 18%• Military, Police and Paramilitary – 35%• Parastatals, Education and Health – 47%The PSRT inherited a federal public service whose central management organs – the FCSC and the office of the Head of Civil Service of the Federation had become inept and ineffective, and morally flexible at best. We learnt that appointments, promotion examinations, promotions, postings and discipline were bought and sold by civil servants the same way shares are traded on the stock market. Surprisingly and with some relief, we did not see these malfunctions in the armed services.

The HR system of the Army, Navy and the Air Force were intact, and to some extent even the Police and other paramilitary services had better human resource management systems.In a State of Denial?The bulk of the public servants continue to be in denial and have refused to take responsibility for the sorry state of affairs, blaming their political masters for the dysfunction in the public service.

They blame the collapse of merit and excellence in the public service on the Murtala-Obasanjo retirements “with immediate effect” that occurred in the mid-1970s. Others attribute the current situation to the Civil Service Reform Decree No. 43 of 1988 of the Babangida administration. The deterioration of pay and fringe benefits relative to the cost of living as a result of the Structural Adjustment Program in the late 1980s has also been identified as contributory to the de-motivation, deskilling and dispiriting of the public service.

The truth may be a combination of all three and more, compounded by the inability of the public service to update its attitudes, working methods, skills and technology. The public service has been short-term in its vision, self-centered in policy formulation and corrupt in programme implementation.

Instead, it has focused on taking care of itself and interests to the detriment of the nation and system which sustains it. The public service failed to reform itself between 2001 and 2005 when two successive Heads of Civil Service were tasked to do so. It was therefore inevitable that driving the public service reforms of 2005-2007 had to be transferred to the economic team, with President Obasanjo leading the charge himself.

An outsider was needed to administer the required medicine, but still needed the cooperation of the patient, which was not forthcoming.Public Service Reforms in PerspectiveIt is therefore uncontestable that the public service became dysfunctional following years of neglect and failure to reform. The public service was both large and unwieldy, accountability was weak and professional standards low.

The federal bureaucracy has also sprawled with considerable overlap of functions between agencies, and between tiers and arms of government. There was an urgent need for both civil service and parastatals reforms, and in spite of all efforts, little progress has been made in that regard.The need to improve the overall efficiency and effectiveness of the public service have been recognized from pre-independence days by instituting several administrative reforms.

The first of these was the Tudor Davis Commission of 1945-46. The Morgan Commission of 1963 not only revised salaries and wages of junior staff of the federal government but introduced for the first time a minimum wage for each region of the country. The more recent ones include the commissions headed by Simeon Adebo (1971), Jerome Udoji (1972), Dotun Philips (1986) and the Allison Ayida Panel (1995). The Dotun Philips reforms properly and correctly aligned the civil service structure with the constitution and presidential system of government , designating permanent secretaries as directors-general and deputy ministers.

Unfortunately, the reforms devolved human resource functions with respect to junior cadres to ministries with disastrous consequences which needed dealing with.The Bureau of Public Service Reforms (BPSR) was established in September 2003 as an independent agency in the Presidency to ensure the reform of all Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs) of all arms and branches of the federal government, and submit quarterly reports to the President.

The Public Service Reform Team (PSRT) had the BPSR as its secretariat and met weekly every Tuesday to deliver on its mandate. Some of the achievements of that round of reforms include:1. Restructuring of Pilot Ministries, Departments and Agencies (MDAs): The PSRT produced two generic guidelines approved by the Federal Executive Council (FEC) in March 2006 for the reform and restructuring of MDAs and Parastatals.

Initially 5 pilot MDAs volunteered for restructuring and this was expanded to 14. This entailed cleaning up the staff headcount and payroll, and redesigning the MDA structure to have between 4 and 8 departments and 2-4 divisions per department. These were approved by the FEC on May 16th, 2007 and applicable to all MDAs immediately.2. Cleaning up of Civil Service and Parastatals Nominal Rolls:

The Oronsaye committee of the PSRT developed eight criteria for the retirement of public servants to enable the clean-up of the headcount and reducing the negative impact of the devolution of HR functions to MDAs in 1988, and the failures of the FCSC and OHCSF to discharge their functions. An appeals process was put in place to minimize victimization and errors.

For the civil service, about 45,000 names were prepared by MDAs and forwarded to BPSR for consideration and approval by PSRT, and then forwarded to the FCSC for removal. An initial batch of 36,843 officers were put through pre-retirement training, disengaged and paid about N24 billion as their severance entitlements.

Unfortunately, about 20,000 of these severed civil servants have found their ways back into the civil service, thereby defeating the clean-up exercise.For the 400 or so parastatals and paramilitary services, the estimated number of staff to be severed was 75,575 at a cost about N57 billion. Parastatals reform and right-sizing was to be undertaken jointly by BPSR and the Bureau of Public Enterprises (BPE).

Sadly, this was never fully realized.3. Monetization of Fringe Benefits: All benefits-in-kind like free housing, furnishing, car and driver for various cadres of public servants and political office holders were abolished for ministers, permanent secretaries and equivalent cadres and below. All government-owned houses except 13 classes of official residences were sold to occupants or via public bids. All official vehicles were discounted by 50% and sold to officials.

Other pool and utility vehicles were auctioned in public bids. Personal drivers, cooks and cleaners were laid off and made staff of the affected officials.4. Pay Reform and Medium-Term Pay Policy: The Ernest Shonekan Pay Review Report was referred to PSRT for consideration and implementation. Shonekan found that public service pay was on average 25% of private sector for the same or similar jobs. A pay increase of 15% was therefore recommended and effected in January 2007, with a plan to increase pay by 10% per annum but linked to productivity such that in 5 years, near pay parity with the private sector will be achieved.5. Integrated Payroll and Personnel Information System (IPPIS):

This is a computerized, biometric platform intended to provide a reliable and comprehensive database of employees in the public service to facilitate manpower planning, and eliminate headcount and payroll fraud. IPPIS approved by the FEC in February 2006 and implemented in phases. The first phase covering 6 MDAs and the central management organizations of the public service went live in April 2007, saving N416 million from the payroll of the 12 agencies in its first month! Sadly, the vested interests in the public service have frustrated its mainstreaming and application to cover all MDAs and other public service organizations since then.6. Review and Update of Public Service Rules and Financial Regulations:

The BPSR undertook a holistic review of the Public Service Rules and Financial Regulations and produced a White Paper which was amended and approved by the FEC on 9th May 2007.Another review committee led by Adamu Fika lamented the low morale and widespread malaise in the service and observed that the integrity deficits in the FCSC and the Office of the Head of Civil Service of the Federation are responsible for inefficiencies and corruption that have become pervasive in the service.Next Steps in Reforming the Public Service

This administration has a unique opportunity to correct these by appointing not only a reformist head of civil service, but the nomination of the chair and members of FCSC within the next few weeks with the mandate to clean up the service, and build on the reforms of 2005 to 2009.The next steps are clear. Learn from recent past, build on foundations laid by PSRT and correct any errors we made.

The quality of the public service must be improved by attracting the best and brightest. This requires reducing the current pay disparity between the public and private sectors of the economy. To rejuvenate the service, new blood must be injected at all levels from the academia, private sector and Nigerian Diaspora based on merit.

These will be impossible unless the ageing and un-trainable public servants take early retirement.Who can perform in today’s work environment without the knowledge of IT, of using Google, Twitter and BlackBerry messaging tools? Any public servant that cannot use the computer and its various tools ought to give way to our army of young people that can. The number of MDAs duplicating functions, and their manning levels must be reviewed downwards to enable our nation afford the higher pay that our public servants deserve. We cannot maintain the same numbers we have and pay them any higher.

All these require careful thought, thorough collection and analysis of data, and political will. Our public service is once again at a cross-roads. It is up to the President to make the choices necessary to make it better, or much worse.

Nasir Ahmad El-Rufai, OFR was Senior Policy Adviser to General Abdulsalami Abubakar (1998-99), Director-General of the Bureau of Public Enterprises (1999-2003), Minister of the Federal Capital Territory, Member of the Economic Team, (2003-2007) and Chairman of the Public Service Reform Team (2005-2007

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